Thermo-mechanical fatigue testing of a rhenium-free single-crystalline super alloy

Abstract

Due to high temperatures and mechanical loads, cracks are initiated in aero engine turbine blades which limit the cyclic life of these components. The materials used for components which underlie high thermal and mechanical load are single crystalline (SX) nickel based super alloys that in most cases contain a certain amount of rhenium. Dramatically increasing Re prices lead to the development of Re-free alloys.

In this work, low-cycle fatigue (LCF) and thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) tests were carried out on the Re-free single crystal M-247LC SX. The test results are shown and a model based on crack propagation was used to predict LCF and TMF life. It was shown, that the modeling results fit properly for out-of-phase TMF and LCF life while for in-phase TMF differences between calculated life and experiments occur due to a different mechanism of fracture.     

The 1989 European Conference on high temperature materials in engineering

Creep testing has been made on a service-exposed header of 2.25Cr1Mo steel. Four series including parent metal, weld metal and cross-weld combinations were studied. A metallographic investigation of cavitation development on ruptured samples has also been performed. A model for the stress state in a thick-wailed welded pipe has been derived. Results obtained from creep testing and metallographic investigation have been analysed and compared with the model.     

基于频域变采样的OFDM水声移动通信多普勒补偿算法

针对正交频分复用技术(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)在水声移动通信条件下存在对多普勒频偏敏感的缺陷,提出了一种基于频域变采样技术的多普勒补偿算法。利用移动通信条件下OFDM子载波正交性不变的特点,通过频域变采样实现对多普勒的快速补偿,并采用编码反馈校验技术跟踪系统多普勒变化,达到了OFDM移动通信条件下实时通信的目的。仿真和水池实验结果证实:频域变采样多普勒补偿算法不仅可以实时地跟踪通信载体运动变化,快速补偿多普勒,同时大幅降低了时域变采样多普勒补偿算法的计算量,降低了通信系统硬件平台复杂度。     

时效制度对Ni20Cr25电热丝膨胀系数的影响

系统研究了时效制度对Ni20Cr25电热丝膨胀系数的影响。结果表明,Ni20Cr25电热丝适宜的固溶处理温度为1150℃;经过930℃+10h时效处理后,由于大量稳定碳化物的析出,电热丝的线膨胀系数明显下降,且显微硬度可达237HV0.01,接近冷拔态的硬度。     

自然时效时间对ZnAl15钎料显微组织与力学性能的影响

对自然时效1、3、5、7个月的ZnAl15钎料进行了显微组织和力学性能分析,结果发现,未经时效的ZnAl15钎料组织主要是过饱和α-Al相和过饱和β-Zn相,随时效时间的延长,钎料中过饱和α-Al相和过饱和β-Zn相发生脱溶分解,引起富Al的α相的体积分数增加,而Zn含量较高的β相和α相组成的共析组织的体积分数减少;另外,钎料组织中O含量逐渐增多,钎料晶界产生氧化物,导致晶界模糊、弱化。钎料组织形貌、相组成等随时效时间的增加而发生改变,导致钎料抗拉强度和延伸率下降、显微硬度升高。时效7个月的钎料其抗拉强度降低33%、延伸率降低65%,而显微硬度增加15%。     

15-5 PH不锈钢长时效时间对组织和力学性能的影响

利用XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS、金相显微镜、拉伸试验等方法研究了15-5PH不锈钢经400℃长期时效后组织及力学性能。随着时效时间延长,板条状马氏体逐渐变得细小,发生Spinodal分解,分解为富Cr相及富Fe相;大量ε-Cu相呈弥散析出;逆变奥氏体的量逐渐增多;粗大的析出相沿板条马氏体晶界分布;未溶解的NbC颗粒逐渐长大。随着时效时间的延长,抗拉强度先升高后下降,在1000 h时达到最大值1554 MPa;伸长率先下降后上升,在1000 h时下降到最小值4.8%;断面收缩率逐渐减小,试样断裂方式由韧性断裂向脆性断裂转变。     

Effect of bioactive compounds in lactobacilli-fermented soy skim milk on femoral bone microstructure of aging mice

BACKGROUND: Soy skim milks fermented with lactobacilli contain various phytochemicals such as isoflavones and peptides. We used lactobacilli‐fermented soy skim milk as a nutritional supplement for 6 weeks to investigate its anti‐osteoporosis effect in 13‐month‐old female BALB/c aging mice. Freeze‐dried powder of soy skim milk fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101F) and L. plantarum NTU 102 (NTU 102F) were used in this study. RESULTS: The trabecular bone volumes in mice fed NTU 101F and NTU 102F increased by a factor of 3.48 and 2.16 compared with control values, respectively. The network density and thickness of distal metaphyseal trabecular bone in mice fed with NTU 101F and NTU 102F milks were significantly denser than that of control mice; moreover, the NTU 101F group had the largest resting area ratio and smallest resorbing area compared with other groups. The beneficial effect may due to isoflavones as well as higher amounts of polysaccharide and peptide in NTU 101F milk. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that dietary supplement with fermented soy skim milk can attenuate aging‐induced bone loss in BALB/c mice and possibly lower the risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis in aging. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Artificial aging of Uva di Troia and Primitivo wines using oak chips inoculated with Penicillium purpurogenum

BACKGROUND: Two red wines (Primitivo and Uva di Troia) treated with oak chips inoculated with Penicillium purpurogenum were analysed in order to assess their contents of furfural, cis‐β‐methyl‐γ‐octalactone, syringol, eugenol, vanillin and 4‐vinylguaiacol. Two different sizes of oak chips (small and big, of length 2 and 8 mm respectively) and two different degrees of toasting (low and high) were used in the study. Aroma compounds were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to determine differences among samples after 15 days of chip contact time. RESULTS: Big oak chips inoculated with P. purpurogenum increased the level of 4‐vinylguaiacol, while small oak chips inoculated with P. purpurogenum, in some conditions, increased the level of eugenol. Chip size and degree of toasting also played an important role in the content of eugenol. CONCLUSION: The use of oak chips inoculated with mould might be a promising alternative to barrel aging. Moreover, different fungal inocula could contribute to the enrichment of wine with specific compounds (e.g. 4‐vinylguaiacol and eugenol). Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Omega蠕变寿命评估方法及应用

传统高温过热蒸汽管及过热炉管蠕变寿命评估多采用等温外推、Larson-Miller参数和θ参数等寿命评估方法,此类寿命评估方法常通过开展多组高应力蠕变测试进行短时外推,不仅耗时长、取样破坏性大、寿命评估存在分散性,而且此方法没有考虑材料的老化与损伤,长时外推结果置信度下降。1986年,美国材料学会(MPC)发起了用于评估工作在蠕变范围内部件剩余寿命的O-mega工程,目前该评估方法已被编入API 579 Fitness-For-Service标准中。通过介绍Omega寿命评估方法,并对1Cr0.5MoV和1.25Cr0.5MoSi两种材料开展Omega蠕变分析,再将Omega方法预测的材料蠕变断裂时间与实际断裂时间进行对比,发现Omega方法在评定蠕变寿命评估方面更具优越性。     

时效工艺对新型铸造铝铜合金微观组织和性能的影响

对不同时效工艺条件下新型铸造铝铜合金的力学性能、微观组织结构进行了分析,结果表明:新型铸造铝铜合金有很好的时效硬化特性,当保温时间为4 h时,硬度可达到较高值;经时效处理后试样的晶粒尺寸明显减小,晶界和晶粒内部均有大量析出相析出且分布均匀。